R言語
詳細情報
| タイトル | R言語 |
|---|---|
| URL | https://www.r-project.org/ |
| バージョン | ver 4.3.3 |
| 更新日 | 2024/03/02 |
| 追加日 | 2016/03/06 |
| 種別 | フリーソフト |
| 説明 | 統計処理用のプログラミング言語。 |
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スクリーンショット
スクリーンショットはありません。
更新グラフ
バージョン履歴
CHANGES IN R 4.3.3
NEW FEATURES
iconv() now fixes up variant encoding names such as
"utf8" case-insensitively.
DEPRECATED AND DEFUNCT
The legacy encoding = "MacRoman" is deprecated in
pdf() and postscript(): support was incomplete in
earlier versions of R.
BUG FIXES
Arguments are now properly forwarded to methods on S4 generics
with ... in the middle of their formal arguments. This was
broken for the case when a method introduced an argument but did
not include ... in its own formals. Thanks to Herv辿 Pag竪s for
the report PR#18538.
Some invalid file arguments to pictex(),
postscript() and xfig() opened a file called
‘NA’ rather than throw an error. These included
postscript(NULL) (which some people expected to work like
pdf(NULL)).
(省略されました)
NEW FEATURES
iconv() now fixes up variant encoding names such as
"utf8" case-insensitively.
DEPRECATED AND DEFUNCT
The legacy encoding = "MacRoman" is deprecated in
pdf() and postscript(): support was incomplete in
earlier versions of R.
BUG FIXES
Arguments are now properly forwarded to methods on S4 generics
with ... in the middle of their formal arguments. This was
broken for the case when a method introduced an argument but did
not include ... in its own formals. Thanks to Herv辿 Pag竪s for
the report PR#18538.
Some invalid file arguments to pictex(),
postscript() and xfig() opened a file called
‘NA’ rather than throw an error. These included
postscript(NULL) (which some people expected to work like
pdf(NULL)).
(省略されました)
CHANGES IN R 4.3.2
NEW FEATURES
The default initialization of the "repos" option
from the ‘repositories’ file at startup can be skipped by
setting environment variable R_REPOSITORIES to NULL
such that getOption("repos") is empty if not set elsewhere.
qr.X() is now an implicit S4 generic in methods.
iconv(to = "ASCII//TRANSLIT") is emulated using
substitution on platforms which do not support it (notably Alpine
Linux). This should give a human-readable conversion in ASCII on
all platforms (rather than NA_character_).
trans3d() gains options continuous and
verbose addressing the problem of possible “wrap
around” when projecting too long curves, as reported by Achim Zeileis
in PR#18537.
tools::showNonASCII() has been rewritten to work
better on macOS 14 (which has a changed implementation of
iconv()).
tiff(type = "quartz") (the default on macOS) now warns
(省略されました)
NEW FEATURES
The default initialization of the "repos" option
from the ‘repositories’ file at startup can be skipped by
setting environment variable R_REPOSITORIES to NULL
such that getOption("repos") is empty if not set elsewhere.
qr.X() is now an implicit S4 generic in methods.
iconv(to = "ASCII//TRANSLIT") is emulated using
substitution on platforms which do not support it (notably Alpine
Linux). This should give a human-readable conversion in ASCII on
all platforms (rather than NA_character_).
trans3d() gains options continuous and
verbose addressing the problem of possible “wrap
around” when projecting too long curves, as reported by Achim Zeileis
in PR#18537.
tools::showNonASCII() has been rewritten to work
better on macOS 14 (which has a changed implementation of
iconv()).
tiff(type = "quartz") (the default on macOS) now warns
(省略されました)
CHANGES IN R 4.3.1
C-LEVEL FACILITIES
The C-level API version of R's integrate(),
Rdqags() in ‘Applic.h’, now returns the correct number of
integrand evaluations neval, fixing PR#18515 reported and
diagnosed by Stephen Wade.
The C prototypes for LAPACK calls dspgv and dtptrs
in ‘R_exts/Lapack.h’ had one too many and one too few
character length arguments — but this has not caused any known
issues. To get the corrected prototypes, include
#include <Rconfig.h> // for PR18534fixed
#ifdef PR18534fixed
# define usePR18534fix 1
#endif
#include <R_exts/Lapack.h>
in your C/C++ code (PR#18534).
INSTALLATION
Many of the checks of esoteric Internet operations and those
using unreliable external sites have been moved to a new target
(省略されました)
C-LEVEL FACILITIES
The C-level API version of R's integrate(),
Rdqags() in ‘Applic.h’, now returns the correct number of
integrand evaluations neval, fixing PR#18515 reported and
diagnosed by Stephen Wade.
The C prototypes for LAPACK calls dspgv and dtptrs
in ‘R_exts/Lapack.h’ had one too many and one too few
character length arguments — but this has not caused any known
issues. To get the corrected prototypes, include
#include <Rconfig.h> // for PR18534fixed
#ifdef PR18534fixed
# define usePR18534fix 1
#endif
#include <R_exts/Lapack.h>
in your C/C++ code (PR#18534).
INSTALLATION
Many of the checks of esoteric Internet operations and those
using unreliable external sites have been moved to a new target
(省略されました)
CHANGES IN R 4.3.0
SIGNIFICANT USER-VISIBLE CHANGES
Calling && or || with LHS or (if evaluated) RHS of
length greater than one is now always an error, with a report of
the form
'length = 4' in coercion to 'logical(1)'
Environment variable _R_CHECK_LENGTH_1_LOGIC2_ no longer has
any effect.
NEW FEATURES
The included BLAS sources have been updated to those shipped
with LAPACK version 3.10.1. (This caused some platform-dependent
changes to package check output.) And then to the sources from
LAPACK version 3.11.0 (with changes only to double complex
subroutines).
The included LAPACK sources have been updated to include the
four Fortran 90 routines rather than their Fortran 77
predecessors. This may give some different signs in SVDs or
eigendecompositions.. (This completes the transition to LAPACK
3.10.x begun in R 4.2.0.)
(省略されました)
SIGNIFICANT USER-VISIBLE CHANGES
Calling && or || with LHS or (if evaluated) RHS of
length greater than one is now always an error, with a report of
the form
'length = 4' in coercion to 'logical(1)'
Environment variable _R_CHECK_LENGTH_1_LOGIC2_ no longer has
any effect.
NEW FEATURES
The included BLAS sources have been updated to those shipped
with LAPACK version 3.10.1. (This caused some platform-dependent
changes to package check output.) And then to the sources from
LAPACK version 3.11.0 (with changes only to double complex
subroutines).
The included LAPACK sources have been updated to include the
four Fortran 90 routines rather than their Fortran 77
predecessors. This may give some different signs in SVDs or
eigendecompositions.. (This completes the transition to LAPACK
3.10.x begun in R 4.2.0.)
(省略されました)
CHANGES IN R 4.2.3
C-LEVEL FACILITIES
The definition of DL_FUNC in ‘R_ext/Rdynload.h’
has been changed to be fully C-compliant. This means that
functions loaded via for example R_GetCCallable need
to be cast to an appropriate type if they have any arguments.
.Machine has a new element sizeof.time_t to
identify old systems with a 32-bit type and hence a limited range
of date-times (and limited support for dates millions of years
from present).
PACKAGE INSTALLATION
(Windows) The default C++ standard had accidentally been
left at C++11 when it was changed to C++14 on Unix.
BUG FIXES
As "POSIXlt" objects may be “partially filled”
and their list components meant to be recycled, length() now
is the length of the longest component.
as.POSIXlt.Date() could underflow for dates in the
far past (more than half a million years BCE).
(省略されました)
C-LEVEL FACILITIES
The definition of DL_FUNC in ‘R_ext/Rdynload.h’
has been changed to be fully C-compliant. This means that
functions loaded via for example R_GetCCallable need
to be cast to an appropriate type if they have any arguments.
.Machine has a new element sizeof.time_t to
identify old systems with a 32-bit type and hence a limited range
of date-times (and limited support for dates millions of years
from present).
PACKAGE INSTALLATION
(Windows) The default C++ standard had accidentally been
left at C++11 when it was changed to C++14 on Unix.
BUG FIXES
As "POSIXlt" objects may be “partially filled”
and their list components meant to be recycled, length() now
is the length of the longest component.
as.POSIXlt.Date() could underflow for dates in the
far past (more than half a million years BCE).
(省略されました)
CHANGES IN R 4.2.2
NEW FEATURES
tools::Rdiff(useDiff = TRUE) checks for the presence
of an external diff command and switches to
useDiff = FALSE if none is found.
This allows R CMD Rdiff to always work.
On Windows, environment variable
R_LIBCURL_SSL_REVOKE_BEST_EFFORT can be used to switch to
only ‘best-effort’ SSL certificate revocation checks with
the default "libcurl" download method. This reduces
security, but may be needed for downloads to work with MITM
proxies (PR#18379).
(macOS) The run-time check for libraries from XQuartz for
X11 and Tcl/Tk no longer uses otool from the Apple
Developer Tools (PR#18400).
The LaTeX style for producing the PDF manuals, ‘Rd.sty’,
now loads the standard ‘amsmath’, ‘amsfonts’ and
‘amssymb’ packages for greater coverage of math commands in
the Rd \eqn and \deqn macros.
(省略されました)
NEW FEATURES
tools::Rdiff(useDiff = TRUE) checks for the presence
of an external diff command and switches to
useDiff = FALSE if none is found.
This allows R CMD Rdiff to always work.
On Windows, environment variable
R_LIBCURL_SSL_REVOKE_BEST_EFFORT can be used to switch to
only ‘best-effort’ SSL certificate revocation checks with
the default "libcurl" download method. This reduces
security, but may be needed for downloads to work with MITM
proxies (PR#18379).
(macOS) The run-time check for libraries from XQuartz for
X11 and Tcl/Tk no longer uses otool from the Apple
Developer Tools (PR#18400).
The LaTeX style for producing the PDF manuals, ‘Rd.sty’,
now loads the standard ‘amsmath’, ‘amsfonts’ and
‘amssymb’ packages for greater coverage of math commands in
the Rd \eqn and \deqn macros.
(省略されました)
CHANGES IN R 4.2.1
NEW FEATURES
New function utils::findCRANmirror() to find out if a
CRAN mirror has been selected, otherwise fallback to
the main site. This behaves in the same way as
tools::CRAN_package_db() and is intended for packages
wishing to access CRAN for purposes other than
installing packages.
The need for this was shown by a day when the main CRAN
website was offline and a dozen or so packages which had its URL
hardcoded failed their checks.
INSTALLATION on a UNIX-ALIKE
The libraries searched for by --with-blas (without
a value) now include BLIS (after OpenBLAS but before ATLAS). And
on macOS, the Accelerate framework (after ATLAS). (This is
patterned after the AX_BLAS macro from the Autoconf Archive.)
The included LAPACK sources have been updated to 3.10.1.
UTILITIES
The (full path to) the command tidy to be used for
(省略されました)
NEW FEATURES
New function utils::findCRANmirror() to find out if a
CRAN mirror has been selected, otherwise fallback to
the main site. This behaves in the same way as
tools::CRAN_package_db() and is intended for packages
wishing to access CRAN for purposes other than
installing packages.
The need for this was shown by a day when the main CRAN
website was offline and a dozen or so packages which had its URL
hardcoded failed their checks.
INSTALLATION on a UNIX-ALIKE
The libraries searched for by --with-blas (without
a value) now include BLIS (after OpenBLAS but before ATLAS). And
on macOS, the Accelerate framework (after ATLAS). (This is
patterned after the AX_BLAS macro from the Autoconf Archive.)
The included LAPACK sources have been updated to 3.10.1.
UTILITIES
The (full path to) the command tidy to be used for
(省略されました)
CHANGES IN R 4.2.0
SIGNIFICANT USER-VISIBLE CHANGES
The formula method of aggregate() now matches
the generic in naming its first argument x (resolving
PR#18299 by Thomas Soeiro).
This means that calling aggregate() with a formula as a
named first argument requires name formula in earlier
versions of R and name x now, so portable code should not
name the argument (code in many packages did).
Calling && or || with either argument of
length greater than one now gives a warning (which it is intended
will become an error).
Calling if() or while() with a condition of
length greater than one gives an error rather than a warning.
Consequently, environment variable
_R_CHECK_LENGTH_1_CONDITION_ no longer has any effect.
Windows users should consult the WINDOWS section below for
some profound changes including
Support for 32-bit builds has been dropped.
(省略されました)
SIGNIFICANT USER-VISIBLE CHANGES
The formula method of aggregate() now matches
the generic in naming its first argument x (resolving
PR#18299 by Thomas Soeiro).
This means that calling aggregate() with a formula as a
named first argument requires name formula in earlier
versions of R and name x now, so portable code should not
name the argument (code in many packages did).
Calling && or || with either argument of
length greater than one now gives a warning (which it is intended
will become an error).
Calling if() or while() with a condition of
length greater than one gives an error rather than a warning.
Consequently, environment variable
_R_CHECK_LENGTH_1_CONDITION_ no longer has any effect.
Windows users should consult the WINDOWS section below for
some profound changes including
Support for 32-bit builds has been dropped.
(省略されました)
CHANGES IN R 4.1.3
NEW FEATURES
The default version of Bioconductor has been changed to
3.14. (This is used by setRepositories and the menus in
GUIs.)
UTILITIES
R CMD check --as-cran has a workaround for a bug
in versions of file up to at least 5.41 which
mis-identify DBF files last changed in 2022 as executables.
C-LEVEL FACILITIES
The legacy S-compatibility macros SINGLE_* in
‘R_ext/Constants.h’ (included by ‘R.h’) are deprecated
and will be removed in R 4.2.0.
BUG FIXES
Initialization of self-starting nls() models with
initialization functions following the pre-R-4.1.0 API
(without the ... argument) works again for now, with a
deprecation warning.
Fixed quoting of ~autodetect~ in Java setting defaults
(省略されました)
NEW FEATURES
The default version of Bioconductor has been changed to
3.14. (This is used by setRepositories and the menus in
GUIs.)
UTILITIES
R CMD check --as-cran has a workaround for a bug
in versions of file up to at least 5.41 which
mis-identify DBF files last changed in 2022 as executables.
C-LEVEL FACILITIES
The legacy S-compatibility macros SINGLE_* in
‘R_ext/Constants.h’ (included by ‘R.h’) are deprecated
and will be removed in R 4.2.0.
BUG FIXES
Initialization of self-starting nls() models with
initialization functions following the pre-R-4.1.0 API
(without the ... argument) works again for now, with a
deprecation warning.
Fixed quoting of ~autodetect~ in Java setting defaults
(省略されました)
CHANGES IN R 4.1.2
C-LEVEL FACILITIES
The workaround in headers ‘R.h’ and ‘Rmath.h’
(using namespace std;) for the Oracle Developer Studio
compiler is no longer needed now C++11 is required so has been
removed. A couple more usages of log() (which should have
been std::log()) with an int argument are reported on
Solaris.
The undocumented limit of 4095 bytes on messages from the
S-compatibility macros PROBLEM and MESSAGE is now
documented and longer messages will be silently truncated rather
than potentially causing segfaults.
If the R_NO_SEGV_HANDLER environment variable is
non-empty, the signal handler for SEGV/ILL/BUS signals (which
offers recovery user interface) is not set. This allows more
reliable debugging of crashes that involve the console.
DEPRECATED AND DEFUNCT
The legacy S-compatibility macros PROBLEM,
MESSAGE, ERROR, WARN, WARNING,
(省略されました)
C-LEVEL FACILITIES
The workaround in headers ‘R.h’ and ‘Rmath.h’
(using namespace std;) for the Oracle Developer Studio
compiler is no longer needed now C++11 is required so has been
removed. A couple more usages of log() (which should have
been std::log()) with an int argument are reported on
Solaris.
The undocumented limit of 4095 bytes on messages from the
S-compatibility macros PROBLEM and MESSAGE is now
documented and longer messages will be silently truncated rather
than potentially causing segfaults.
If the R_NO_SEGV_HANDLER environment variable is
non-empty, the signal handler for SEGV/ILL/BUS signals (which
offers recovery user interface) is not set. This allows more
reliable debugging of crashes that involve the console.
DEPRECATED AND DEFUNCT
The legacy S-compatibility macros PROBLEM,
MESSAGE, ERROR, WARN, WARNING,
(省略されました)
CHANGES IN R 4.1.1
NEW FEATURES
require(pkg, quietly = TRUE) is quieter and in
particular does not warn if the package is not found.
DEPRECATED AND DEFUNCT
Use of ftp:// URIs should be regarded as
deprecated, with on-going support confined to method =
"libcurl" and not routinely tested. (Nowadays no major browser
supports them.)
The non-default method = "internal" is deprecated for
http:// and ftp:// URIs for both
download.file and url.
On Windows, method = "wininet" is deprecated for
http://, https:// and ftp:// URIs for both
download.file and url. (A warning is only given for
ftp://.)
For ftp:// URIs the default method is now "libcurl"
if available (which it is on CRAN builds).
method = "wininet" remains the default for http://
(省略されました)
NEW FEATURES
require(pkg, quietly = TRUE) is quieter and in
particular does not warn if the package is not found.
DEPRECATED AND DEFUNCT
Use of ftp:// URIs should be regarded as
deprecated, with on-going support confined to method =
"libcurl" and not routinely tested. (Nowadays no major browser
supports them.)
The non-default method = "internal" is deprecated for
http:// and ftp:// URIs for both
download.file and url.
On Windows, method = "wininet" is deprecated for
http://, https:// and ftp:// URIs for both
download.file and url. (A warning is only given for
ftp://.)
For ftp:// URIs the default method is now "libcurl"
if available (which it is on CRAN builds).
method = "wininet" remains the default for http://
(省略されました)
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